The Spinning Process: From Fibre to Yarn in Contract and Decorative Textile Manufacturing
07/01/2022
Spinning is the set of industrial operations through which raw textile material is transformed into yarn. The properties conferred on the yarn during this process — twist, evenness, strength — define the final quality of the fabric. In the contract sector, where textiles must withstand intensive use in hotels, hospitals and communal spaces, spinning quality makes a decisive difference to the durability of the finished product.
Yarn is the result of a process in which a set of fibres, either continuous (filaments) or discontinuous (staple fibres), are twisted and drawn to produce a continuous strand of great length. This process, known as spinning, is the foundation upon which every quality fabric is built.
Yarn is the result of a process in which a set of fibres, either continuous (filaments) or discontinuous (staple fibres), are twisted and drawn to produce a continuous strand of great length. This process, known as spinning, is the foundation upon which every quality fabric is built.
The five stages of the industrial spinning process
1. Unpacking: raw material arrives compressed in bales. These are opened and cleaned by high-speed air circulation to remove impurities, producing what is known as the fibre batt.
2. Carding: fibres are opened up to regain their natural, crimped appearance. The material passes through two operations — roving (thinning) and drawing — using rollers to form a uniform carded sliver.
3. Combing: fibres in the carded sliver are sorted and aligned lengthwise. Short fibres are removed, leaving those of optimal length running parallel. This stage produces a finer, more regular and higher-quality yarn.
4. Twisting: the yarn volume is reduced, fibre parallelism is perfected and a first twist is applied to increase the yarn's strength and cohesion.
5. Final spinning: the yarn receives its definitive twist, determined by the count (the ratio between fineness and length) and the desired thickness.
2. Carding: fibres are opened up to regain their natural, crimped appearance. The material passes through two operations — roving (thinning) and drawing — using rollers to form a uniform carded sliver.
3. Combing: fibres in the carded sliver are sorted and aligned lengthwise. Short fibres are removed, leaving those of optimal length running parallel. This stage produces a finer, more regular and higher-quality yarn.
4. Twisting: the yarn volume is reduced, fibre parallelism is perfected and a first twist is applied to increase the yarn's strength and cohesion.
5. Final spinning: the yarn receives its definitive twist, determined by the count (the ratio between fineness and length) and the desired thickness.
Quality control in spinning for contract textile manufacturers
In the manufacture of contract textiles for hospitality, spinning quality is a determining factor. An irregular or excessively fibrillated yarn will produce a fabric with lower abrasion resistance, greater pilling tendency and an uneven appearance after continuous use and industrial wash cycles.
As contract textile manufacturers in Spain with over 140 years of experience, at Aznar Textil we select yarns that meet the most demanding durability standards. Our ISO 9001 certified quality control processes verify the evenness, tensile strength and colour fastness of every yarn before it enters production. This approach allows us to offer curtain, upholstery and sheer fabrics that maintain their appearance and functionality over time, even in the most intensive hotel environments.
As contract textile manufacturers in Spain with over 140 years of experience, at Aznar Textil we select yarns that meet the most demanding durability standards. Our ISO 9001 certified quality control processes verify the evenness, tensile strength and colour fastness of every yarn before it enters production. This approach allows us to offer curtain, upholstery and sheer fabrics that maintain their appearance and functionality over time, even in the most intensive hotel environments.